Tare da ci gaban fasaha da raguwar farashin samfur, sikelin kasuwar hotovoltaic na duniya zai ci gaba da girma cikin sauri, kuma adadin samfuran nau'in n a sassa daban-daban shima yana ƙaruwa akai-akai. Cibiyoyi da yawa sun yi hasashen cewa nan da 2024, ana sa ran sabon shigar da ƙarfin samar da wutar lantarki na duniya zai wuce 500GW (DC), kuma adadin abubuwan da aka haɗa na batir na nau'in n zai ci gaba da haɓaka kowane kwata, tare da rabon da ake tsammanin sama da 85% ta karshen shekara.
Me yasa samfuran n-type za su iya kammala aikin fasaha da sauri? Manazarta daga SBI Consultancy sun yi nuni da cewa, a daya hannun, albarkatun kasa na kara yin karanci, wanda ke bukatar samar da karin wutar lantarki mai tsafta a kan iyaka; a gefe guda kuma, yayin da ƙarfin abubuwan batir na nau'in n-type yana ƙaruwa da sauri, bambancin farashin da samfuran p-type yana raguwa a hankali. Daga yanayin farashin farashi daga manyan masana'antu na tsakiya, bambancin farashin tsakanin abubuwan np na kamfani ɗaya shine kawai 3-5 cents / W, yana nuna ingancin farashi.
Masana fasaha na ganin cewa ci gaba da raguwar saka hannun jarin kayan aiki, da ci gaba da inganta ingancin kayayyakin, da isassun wadatar kayayyaki na nufin cewa farashin kayayyakin n-type zai ci gaba da raguwa, kuma har yanzu da sauran rina a kaba na rage tsadar kayayyaki da kuma kara inganci. . A lokaci guda kuma, sun jaddada cewa fasahar Zero Busbar (0BB), a matsayin hanya mafi dacewa ta kai tsaye don rage farashi da haɓaka aiki, za ta taka muhimmiyar rawa a kasuwar hoto ta gaba.
Duban tarihin canje-canje a cikin grid cell, farkon sel na hotovoltaic kawai suna da manyan layukan grid 1-2. Daga baya, manyan layukan grid guda huɗu da manyan layukan grid biyar a hankali sun jagoranci yanayin masana'antar. Tun daga rabin na biyu na 2017, an fara amfani da fasahar Multi Busbar (MBB), sannan daga baya aka haɓaka zuwa Super Multi Busbar (SMBB). Tare da ƙirar manyan layukan grid guda 16, hanyar watsawa ta yanzu zuwa manyan layukan grid ɗin ya ragu, yana haɓaka ƙarfin fitarwa gabaɗaya na abubuwan, rage zafin aiki, kuma yana haifar da haɓakar wutar lantarki.
Yayin da ƙarin ayyuka suka fara amfani da nau'in nau'in n, don rage yawan kuɗin azurfa, rage dogara ga karafa masu daraja, da ƙananan farashin samarwa, wasu kamfanonin batir sun fara gano wata hanya - fasahar Zero Busbar (0BB). An ba da rahoton cewa wannan fasaha na iya rage amfani da azurfa fiye da 10% da kuma ƙara ƙarfin sassa guda da fiye da 5W ta hanyar rage shading na gaba, daidai da haɓaka mataki ɗaya.
Canjin fasaha koyaushe yana tare da haɓaka matakai da kayan aiki. Daga cikin su, stringer a matsayin ainihin kayan aiki na masana'antun kayan aiki yana da alaƙa da haɓaka fasahar gridline. Masana fasaha sun yi nuni da cewa, babban aikin igiyar igiyar ita ce ta walda kintinkiri a cikin tantanin halitta ta hanyar dumama zafi mai zafi don samar da igiya, mai dauke da manufa biyu na "haɗin kai" da "hanyar haɗin gwiwa", da ingancin waldansa da amincinsa kai tsaye. yana shafar yawan amfanin taron bitar da ma'aunin iya samarwa. Koyaya, tare da haɓakar fasahar Zero Busbar, hanyoyin walda masu zafi na gargajiya sun zama rashin isa kuma suna buƙatar canzawa cikin gaggawa.
A cikin wannan mahallin ne fasahar Rufe Fina-Finan Karamar Saniya IFC ta fito. An fahimci cewa Zero Busbar yana sanye da fasahar rufe fim ɗin Little Cow IFC kai tsaye, wanda ke canza tsarin walda na al'ada, yana sauƙaƙa aiwatar da zaren tantanin halitta, kuma yana sa layin samarwa ya zama abin dogaro da sarrafawa.
Da fari dai, wannan fasaha ba ta yin amfani da juzu'in solder ko mannewa wajen samarwa, wanda ke haifar da rashin gurɓata yanayi da yawan amfanin ƙasa a cikin aikin. Hakanan yana guje wa raguwar kayan aiki da ke haifarwa ta hanyar kiyaye jujjuyawar solder ko manne, don haka yana tabbatar da ƙarin lokacin aiki.
Na biyu, fasahar IFC tana motsa tsarin haɗin gwiwar ƙarfe zuwa matakin laminating, cimma walƙiya lokaci guda na gabaɗayan bangaren. Wannan haɓakawa yana haifar da ingantacciyar daidaiton zafin walda, yana rage ƙarancin kuɗi, da haɓaka ingancin walda. Kodayake taga daidaita yanayin zafi na laminator yana da kunkuntar a wannan matakin, ana iya tabbatar da tasirin walda ta hanyar inganta kayan fim don dacewa da zafin walda da ake buƙata.
Abu na uku, yayin da buƙatun kasuwa na abubuwan haɓaka masu ƙarfi ke ƙaruwa kuma rabon farashin tantanin halitta yana raguwa a cikin farashin sassan, rage tazarar intercell, ko ma yin amfani da tazara mara kyau, ya zama “Trend.” Sakamakon haka, abubuwan da ke da girman girman guda ɗaya na iya samun ƙarfin fitarwa mafi girma, wanda ke da mahimmanci a rage farashin abubuwan da ba na siliki ba da kuma adana farashin tsarin BOS. An ba da rahoton cewa fasahar IFC tana amfani da hanyoyin sadarwa masu sassauƙa, kuma ana iya tara ƙwayoyin sel akan fim ɗin, yadda ya kamata rage tazarar intercell da cimma ɓoyayyiyar ɓoyayyiyar sifili a ƙarƙashin ƙaramin ko tazara mara kyau. Bugu da ƙari, kintinkirin walda baya buƙatar daidaitawa yayin aikin samarwa, rage haɗarin fashewar tantanin halitta yayin lamination, ƙara haɓaka yawan samar da kayan aiki da amincin kayan aikin.
Na hudu, fasahar IFC tana amfani da kintinkirin walda mai ƙarancin zafin jiki, yana rage zafin haɗin gwiwa zuwa ƙasa da 150.°C. Wannan sabon abu yana rage lalacewar yanayin zafi ga sel, yadda ya kamata yana rage haɗarin ɓoyayyun ɓarna da fashewar busbar bayan ɓarkewar tantanin halitta, yana sa ya zama abokantaka ga ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta.
A ƙarshe, tun da ƙwayoyin 0BB ba su da manyan layukan grid, daidaiton matsayi na ribbon ɗin walda yana da ƙasa kaɗan, yana sa masana'antar kera mafi sauƙi da inganci, da haɓaka yawan amfanin ƙasa zuwa ɗan lokaci. A zahiri, bayan cire manyan layukan grid na gaba, abubuwan da kansu sun fi dacewa da kyau kuma sun sami karɓuwa sosai daga abokan ciniki a Turai da Amurka.
Yana da kyau a faɗi cewa fasahar rufe fim ɗin Little Cow IFC kai tsaye tana magance matsalar warping bayan walda ƙwayoyin XBC. Tunda ƙwayoyin XBC kawai suna da gridlines a gefe ɗaya, al'ada mai zafi mai zafi na al'ada na al'ada na iya haifar da mummunan warping na sel bayan waldi. Duk da haka, IFC yana amfani da fasahar rufe fim ɗin ƙananan zafin jiki don rage damuwa na thermal, wanda ya haifar da layi mai laushi da kwance bayan murfin fim, yana inganta ingancin samfurin da aminci.
An fahimci cewa a halin yanzu, kamfanoni da yawa na HJT da XBC suna amfani da fasahar 0BB a cikin sassansu, kuma manyan kamfanonin TOPCon da yawa sun nuna sha'awar wannan fasaha. Ana sa ran cewa a cikin rabin na biyu na 2024, ƙarin samfuran 0BB za su shiga kasuwa, suna shigar da sabon kuzari cikin lafiya da ci gaba mai dorewa na masana'antar photovoltaic.
Lokacin aikawa: Afrilu-18-2024